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AAktoh Cyber

Under construction The ClearSight Center is coming soon. These tools are being built in the open — what you see here is a preview, results are indicative, and everything on these pages may change before launch.

Exposure Center · Glossary

Every term we use, defined and sourced

If a result uses a word, it is explained here in a sentence you can act on — with the source behind it, like everything else in the Exposure Center.

SIM swap
Moving your phone number onto an attacker's SIM.An attacker convinces (or bribes) a carrier to port your number. Every SMS code then arrives on their device. This is why SMS is the weakest second factor.Source: FCC · SIM swap and port-out fraud rules (2024)
Credential stuffing
Replaying leaked passwords across other sites.Automated tools try known email/password pairs against hundreds of services. It works only because passwords get reused.Source: Verizon · Data Breach Investigations Report (2024)
Data broker
A company that buys and resells personal records.Brokers merge purchase, location and property data into per-person profiles sold to advertisers, insurers and anyone else who pays.Source: FTC · Data brokers and location data enforcement (2024)
k-anonymity
Checking a secret without revealing it.Your password is hashed in the browser and only the first five hash characters are sent. The service returns every matching suffix; the comparison happens locally.Source: Have I Been Pwned · Pwned Passwords (k-anonymity)
Business email compromise
Impersonating a trusted party to redirect money.No malware required. The attacker studies a reporting line, then sends an invoice or payroll change that fits the routine.Source: FBI IC3 · Internet Crime Report (2024)
Fourth-party risk
Your vendor's vendors.You assessed your SaaS provider. You did not assess the analytics, support and hosting suppliers sitting behind it — and a breach there reaches your data all the same.Source: Verizon · Data Breach Investigations Report (2024)
Attack surface
Everything of yours reachable from the internet.Subdomains, login portals, file shares, forgotten staging hosts. Attackers enumerate it from public sources before they touch anything.Source: OWASP · Top 10
Phishing-resistant MFA
Factors that cannot be relayed.Passkeys and hardware keys bind the login to the real domain, so a proxy phishing page cannot reuse the response.Source: CISA · Implementing phishing-resistant MFA
Automatic content recognition
Your TV identifying what is on screen.Sampling frames or audio to identify content, then linking that viewing profile to the household's advertising identity.Source: FTC · Data brokers and location data enforcement (2024)
Whaling
Targeted fraud aimed at an executive.The same techniques as ordinary phishing, researched against one high-authority person whose approval moves money.Source: FBI IC3 · Internet Crime Report (2024)

Every number on this page is produced by the rules on our Methodology & Trust page: cited claims only, no biometrics, no third-party scraping, no storage of pasted content. Unfamiliar term? The cited glossary explains each one.

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